Cracking the happiness code in the second half of life 

Prominent Harvard Business School professor and social scientist Arthur C Brooks has conducted extensive research on what is likely to cause higher happiness levels in later life. His findings provide tips and suggestions to help us prepare for a happier second half and be more likely to enjoy it.  

This blog shares some of the highlights from happiness research specifically as they apply to ambitious professionals who may be asking themselves if they are still happy and, if not, what they can do about it.  

1. What used to make you happy might not anymore  

When we start out in our careers and set up our lives, we may make certain decisions or head in particular directions that suit us and make us happy at the time. Our needs, abilities and preferences change over time, and something that might have excited us in our 20s might feel less satisfying in our 40s. That is normal and should be expected. We should be comfortable with that and see flexing to satisfy those evolving preferences as healthy and normal.   

2. Avoid the four false idols: money, power, pleasure and fame.  

Chasing, and even achieving, in these areas is likened to substance addition. There is a dopamine high, but they will leave you unhappy in the long run. The difference is that they are not only socially acceptable but often socially promoted and so can be easy to fall into without realising their impact on our lives.  

3. Instead, focus on the four pillars of our ‘happiness portfolio’ 

These are family, friends, work and faith. He found that the happiest people had deep family ties and strong friendships with a true sense of self and what is important to them. They also have work which serves others as well as themselves. By finding habits and routines that encourage focus in these four areas, people are more likely to experience longer-term happiness. 

4. Happiness is a discipline.   

Being happy in a modern world filled with distractions and pressures can be difficult, so sticking to these principles is not easy.  We can, though, view happiness discipline similarly to an exercise regime. Something to stick to and create ways to keep us focused on it. By understanding what drives happiness in us as an individual, we can take action when we feel it slipping away to help us stay on course.  

5. Embrace ‘happiness triggers’  

Certain actions and activities have been found to be more likely to boost happiness. Some suggestions include acknowledging and getting a grip on unhelpful thoughts, spending money on experiences and not ‘stuff’, always be learning and willing to learn, and getting out in nature regularly – and taking the time to appreciate it when you do.   

We can’t guarantee that joining Two IP will immediately make you permanently happy, but our flexible approach allows you to control your work and daily routine so you can have the time to do the activities that do make you happy. You can find out about how we work here 

A Two IP life for Rachel Havard

Rachel Havard joined Two IP as a consultant trade mark attorney in November, after many years as a partner in a London-based traditional private practice.  One of the first advantages of note has been the improved commuting experience.  

Rachel has written this blog to share more about her experience so far.  If it inspires you to make a change to your own working life, then you can find out more about what it is like at Two IP here

“So, autumn is now roaring towards winter, and I am reminded of what I used to have ahead of me with frequent journeys from rural Warwickshire down to central London.  

These always began with an alarm set for ridiculous o’clock, then fumbling around in the dark trying not to wake up the rest of the house, to next go outside and find out the state of my car before I could drive it to the railway station, so beginning that day’s 5 hour round trip to the office.

Next up, shivering on the platform, before piling onto a packed, overpriced train, with all those other commuter-warriors.

A full working day in the city was always nice from the point of view of seeing everybody and feeling a part of things; but tinged with guilt for leaving a bit earlier than others, albeit to start another lengthy journey.  Traditional IP firms are embracing hybrid working, but attendance at the office once or twice a week is usually necessary, and with the required number of office days increasing as things drift back towards the old normal.

And who knows what might be waiting at Euston?  Travel time home could easily be doubled when impacted by autumn and winter conditions and cancellations.

With my Two IP commute, I now have scope for some quality time every day before I begin work followed by the shortest of commutes through my garden to my home office.

There is plenty more time to spend on my clients and business development, whist feeling energised and present in my Two IP life!

Even better – maybe the next home office could look like this!?…”

You can find out more about life at Two IP and how we can help you improve your work/life balance here.

Levels of innovation on the increase according to UK IPO report

The 2021/22 Innovation and Growth report from the UK Intellectual Property Office (IPO) has been published. This report provides insight into the work the UKIPO has conducted over the past year and what this indicates in terms of growth in the UK.  

Increase in applications and filings 

The report shows increased demand across trade marks, designs and patents compared to previous years, with record numbers of trade mark and registered design applications being filed at the UKIPO . This suggests that investment in innovation continues despite the economic and Covid challenges that individuals and businesses have been facing.  

Operational Improvements 

Delivering on this increased demand has not been without its challenges, however. Application processing times were impacted during the year causing delays on decisions to grant and issuing of examination reports, but timelines are now back within the UKIPO’s target parameters. Operational improvements at the UKIPO will continue to be seen into 2023 with the ongoing implementation of its ‘One IPO’ transformation programme. As well as various back-office improvements, applicants and attorneys will start to see more consolidated digital services and information. The report highlights the digital renewal service, which was implemented in 21/22. This service has reduced renewal fee processing times for patents, trade marks and designs from five days to a matter of minutes. Other similar improvements are planned which will make the UKIPO much more user-friendly for attorneys and paralegals to interact with.  

Future Technologies 

As transformational technologies gain momentum, it has been important for the UKIPO to develop a deep understanding of both the opportunities and challenges they present. Developments such as AI, the Metaverse, blockchain and NFTs are good examples of areas it are discussing with stakeholders, including IP rights holders and the Chartered Institutes of Patent Attorneys and Trade Mark Attorneys . The establishment of a ‘Foresight Network’ of the UKIPO and these stakeholders will allow them to coordinate and continue their work, to ensure the UKIPO is well placed to deal with these innovations.  

Green Technologies 

To support the Government’s Ten-Point Plan for a Green Industrial Revolution, the UKIPO published analysis of various green technology areas. Its research has established that of the top 10 patenting countries, the UK is the most specialised country for Offshore wind power and Greener building technology, which includes smart home technologies. Further research will continue this year as the number of applications and the range of technology/business areas covered by them increase, to include analysis of trade marks and analysis of patent trends.  

International collaboration 

The UKIPO continues to build and develop its relationships with IP Offices in other countries, to support innovators in the UK to obtain protection for their IP rights in potentially important markets. Specific projects and negotiations are ongoing with IPOs in United States, Brazil, India, the Middle East and areas across Asia.  

Engagement with the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), G7 and European IPOs continues, with the UK IPO proactively engaging to support international collaboration and best practice sharing.  This includes planned recruitment of a European IP attaché who will be based in Brussels to build and maintain these international relationships.  

You can read the UKIPO’s full Innovation and Growth report for 21/22 here.

2022 Global Innovation Index: Innovation impact vs productivity

The World Intellectual Property Office (WIPO) Global Innovation Index (GII) is a helpful indicator of geographical areas that are active when it comes to innovation. It also provides an up-to-date view of the important global innovation topics and trends.

Now in its 15th year, the comprehensive analysis of innovation input and output activity helps to determine the innovation position of global economies and areas in comparison with each other.

These rankings can help to provide a barometer of innovation around the world as well as help summarise the impact that innovation is having on global growth.

The 2022 GII reports that innovation investment remains high though this investment is not necessarily creating the expected impact. Slow adoption of technology and a stilted ability to translate innovations into productive implementation is seen as a key challenge to address.

In terms of the country rankings, Switzerland remains the highest-ranking country for level of innovation investment and success, and Europe features the largest number of top-ranking countries, reconfirming its place as a world-leading innovation area.

Emerging economies are also making their presence known and performing well, especially when compared to the relative size of their economies. Newcomers to the rankings include Indonesia, Uzbekistan and Pakistan. This indicates the future potential of a truly global innovation landscape.

The 2022 GII highlights two ‘innovation waves’ that WIPO believes to be influential in driving growth in the future:

A digital age innovation – supercomputing, AI and automation

A Deep Science innovation – biotechnology, nanotechnology and new materials.

These developments are likely to have a particular impact in areas such as Health, Food, Environment and Mobility.

The potential of these innovation waves though is likely to take some time to materialise, the report warns. In order for innovations to improve society and improve equality, obstacles such as technology adoption and diffusion need to be overcome first.

“Productivity is at the core of what we want our societies and economies to be tomorrow, in particular if we want to combine higher levels of equality while using natural resources more sensibly. A true revolution is driving innovation today, guided by Digital Age and Deep Science waves. We have a collective responsibility to draw the lessons of recent crises to put this revolution on the right track, and gear it to the future we want.”

You can read the full 2022 Global Innovation Index here.

What hobbies would you do more of if you joined Two IP?

When an attorney is thinking of joining Two IP they are often surprised and delighted to find out that they wouldn’t need to work the same hours to earn the same (or even more!) as they currently do employed in private practice.

When you also include the reduced (or non-existent) commuting due to our fully remote model, the time individuals have back during their working week can be considerable.

In this blog we look at the hobbies and pastimes the Two IP team take part in and their thoughts on balancing their home and work life.

Anna – Co-founder

Anna is not only co-founder of Two IP but also senior independent director of Bowls England. 

Alongside the official board duties of this role, she also plays for her club and the Warwickshire county side, which requires regular practice and match playing commitments.

Lawn Bowls is clearly a huge passion of Anna’s and by creating the working life she has, she can participate fully in both board and playing roles.

It’s not just about spending time on the green. Anna also likes to play the piano and will spend time during the week practicing and perfecting her pieces, for her fortnightly lesson.

In a traditional IP attorney role, the time for activities like this would not normally exist, so they can easily fall by the wayside as work pressures build. Anna has been able to make time to take part in the things she enjoys – they rarely, if ever, get cancelled due to work commitments. And these non-work activities have a benefit that you might find somewhat unexpected – spending time doing these things, fully switching off from work, means Anna finds it easier to focus when she gets back to her client work or having conversations with attorneys thinking about joining Two IP.

Donnacha – Non-Exec Director

Donnacha lives and breathes the flexible working model. With a home base in Westport, Ireland and a house in Cyprus, it’s always a fun game guessing which country he is in on our team calls.  

His preferred past times are of the physical variety, so cycling, windsurfing and kayaking. These active pursuits mean he can experience plenty of time in the Cypriot sunshine and be invigorated by the fresh Irish air. Working across time zones also has the added advantage of taking part in his preferred activities well before the rest of us have woken up.

Danielle – COO

Danielle has advocated for flexible and remote working long before the pandemic and has perfected the art of carving out plenty of time for activities outside of work. 

A key one for her is the ability to go to the gym early each morning. 

Commuting and regular working hours can make fitting this in difficult. Still, with a fully flexible schedule, she can attend a spinning or HIIT class most days and even have time for a relaxing coffee afterwards.

Although strictly speaking not a hobby, Danielle also has an energetic dog that requires a fair amount of walking daily. As she has chosen to live in the depths of the Herefordshire countryside, another part of her daily schedule is long dog walks around the footpaths her house is surrounded by. No quick loops around the block in between client calls here.

Continuing the outdoors theme, she has also been known to work for a week at a time from a campsite, working for a few hours before heading out and exploring the local area. 

With no requirement to be in a particular place or even working at specific times, she can take a ‘holiday’ whenever she likes knowing she can still keep on top of work, and the Two IP infrastructure means she can attend meetings and receive calls wherever she may be.

How would you spend that time if you could save 2 to 3 hours each day and still earn the same? Let us know at hello@two-ip.com, and we can have a chat about if this is realistic for you.

What is IP Insurance and why might you need it? 

Intellectual property (IP) is an asset your business owns. Like any asset, there are situations where insurance to defray potentially costly claims can be a sensible precaution to take.

IP legal expenses insurance (LEI) isn’t appropriate for all businesses, but it is worth being aware of the situations where it might be a sensible investment. This blog shares our summary of IP LEI, the situations where it might be useful and the benefits of having it in place.

 

What is IP legal expenses insurance?

As with any other type of business insurance, IP legal expenses insurance (LEI) helps to mitigate significant costs – in the case of IP LEI, the costs of enforcing your IP rights and/or the costs of defending your business against an IP infringement action. If someone else infringes your IP rights, IP LEI can cover the costs of suing them for infringement, and if you are on the receiving end of IP litigation alleging infringement of someone else’s IP rights, IP LEI can cover the costs of defending the litigation.

Whatever the situation, IP litigation can be very costly and time-consuming to deal with so having insurance in place means you have a policy that will provide the finances for you to resolve it.

 

What types of IP insurance are available?

There is generally a scale of options and which option is right for you will depend on the level of risk and the price you are willing to pay for a policy.

Some common policy types are:

  • Opinion only: This enables you to obtain a professional opinion on your chances of success if you were to enforce or defend an IP infringement action
  • Enforcement or defence: This covers the costs of taking IP litigation action to enforce your rights as the IP owner or to defend against an allegation of IP infringement from others.
  • Damages: If you did lose an IP infringement action then this would cover you for any damages awarded.
  • Validity: This covers the legal costs of defending challenges to the validity of your IP rights; this is most generally applicable to patents.
  • Other options can also be added such as lost revenue or, increasingly important, cyber losses related to IP

However, for IP LEI it must usually be taken out “before the event” (BTE), i.e. before an (alleged) infringement has occurred. BTE LEI will only cover risk before an infringement claim is made or before the possibility of an infringement action ought to be known about. A decision to take out IP BTE insurance should therefore be considered as early as possible – this will also help to keep the insurance premium down.

UK cover will be the cheapest to obtain, followed by cover for Europe, Worldwide cover excluding the USA, and Worldwide cover including the USA; US IP litigation is the most expensive to action or defend, hence higher premiums will need to be paid. The premiums you pay will reflect the geographical cover you need. Taking out domestic cover early and expanding the cover as your markets grow is likely to be the most cost effective option.

Why might you consider getting IP Insurance?

The justification for IP insurance will depend on your specific situation and the value that Intellectual Property holds for your business. Of course, the level of risk of there being an issue will also play a role in determining if it is a wise investment.

If you operate in a highly technical or specialised area you may feel that you would benefit from the protection IP LEI provides. Similarly, if your market is highly competitive and IP plays a significant role in terms of competitive advantage, again it might be a good idea to have this enhanced protection.

As well as providing actual protection and financial support if the worst was to happen, it can also act as a deterrent. Weak claims that may not result in any legal action but could take time and effort to defend are more likely to go away if you have the insurance behind you to take robust advice and action from the outset. Similarly, alleged infringers are more likely to mediate or negotiate with you if they know you have the financial backing to see a case through and fully defend it.

 

What are the costs of IP insurance?

The insurer will calculate a premium based on a range of risk factors, including in which court you would intend to enforce any IP rights in the UK. The IP Enterprise Court (IPEC) costs less to take and defend IP litigation actions than going to the high court, and LEI just covering IPEC enforcement can have a premium that is lower as a result.

If the cover does require to be higher or cover a broad geographical area, then premiums are likely to be higher, but as with all insurance, it is worth being realistic on the level of cover you will require dependant on the circumstances.

 

Is litigation my only option for resolving an IP dispute?

Although LEI provides a comprehensive safeguard, there are other, cheaper options that you can also consider as a way to resolve an IP dispute.

Obtaining an option from the UK IP Office is one way. Although not a legal decision is it an informed and professional opinion from a senior examiner which can help steer the case one way or another, and help you decide whether it is better to negotiate a settlement or proceed with IP litigation.

Mediation is another route and one which the courts would have expected to have been attempted prior to starting legal proceedings. This often results in reasonable outcomes for all parties though will likely involve a compromise from both sides.

 

How do I find out if IP insurance is appropriate for me?

The Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys (CIPA) and The Chartered Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys (CITMA) also provide a list of companies that offer IP insurance products.

Further information about IP legal expenses insurance can be found at the UK Intellectual Property Office: Intellectual property insurance – GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)

If you have invested in protecting your IP, then you will likely already have a patent or trade mark attorney who you work with, so they would be your first point of contact. Our expert patent and trade mark attorneys are also happy to help, you can get in touch at hello@two-ip.com

Something to think about on your holiday

You’re likely looking forward to a restful break in the sun as we enter the holiday season. And, like most IP professionals, you are probably seriously in need of some time off.

The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) suggests that there are six main areas of work design that can impact employees’ stress levels. This includes the level of demand and workload an individual must cope with and the level of control someone has for their work and how they do it. And, according to the “Life in the Law” report from the charity LawCare, legal professionals often struggle to find the time to take proper breaks and fully switch off. Unsurprisingly, this leads to higher burnout levels, stress and mental health challenges.

So if, while you are on holiday, you find you are not looking forward to going back, maybe you should take the opportunity of having the time (and headspace) to think about what you really want to do and how you really want to live.

Here is a book, an article and a podcast you might find helpful as you do that thinking:

How Will You Measure Your Life?” by Clayton M. Christensen, James Allworth, Karen Dillon

In this groundbreaking book, Christensen puts forth a series of questions: How can I be sure that I’ll find satisfaction in my career? How can I be sure that my personal relationships become enduring sources of happiness? How can I avoid compromising my integrity—and stay out of jail? Using lessons from some of the world’s greatest businesses, he provides incredible insights into these challenging questions.

‘A career change saved my life’: the people who built better lives after burnout | Health & wellbeing | The Guardian

The High Performance Podcast (thehighperformancepodcast.com) – Dr. Rangan Chatterje: The Key to Happier Living

In this episode of the High Performance podcast, Dr. Rangan Chatterjee talks about how building connections and nourishing relationships are key to building a more fulfilling and happy life. Two IP is all about relationships and helping people to build a life that suits them, allowing attorneys to spend time doing the things outside of work they care about, so this conversation really resonated with us.

 

We believe every patent and trade mark attorney should be able to enjoy a proper work-life balance. It is one of the reasons we designed Two IP to work in the way it does.

All Two IP consultants have the opportunity to earn a very good income whilst working the hours they are happy with, free from billing targets (unless they choose to set one for themselves). The same goes for control. Two IP consultants have complete control over everything to do with their work – who they work with, how they do the work and where and when they do it. By having a lower workload plus complete autonomy, we believe this model provides a much healthier approach to work.

If your holiday turns out not to be the break you so desperately needed, or you are dreading returning to work, then maybe it’s time to have a confidential, informal chat with the Two IP team. You can find out more here: https://www.two-ip.com/want-to-join-us/

 

What lawn bowls can teach business on the CoffeeCast podcast. 

Lawn bowls and business might not seem like a natural pairing, but this combination was the topic of discussion on this episode of the CoffeeCast podcast.

Co-founder of Two IP, (and Bowls England Senior Independent Director) Anna Molony and Doug McPherson from Size 10 1/2 Boots discuss the importance of team communication in bowls and what business can learn from the sport.

Listen on Apple Podcasts

Listen on Spotify

Then watch England’s international bowlers in action and see how an elite team communicates to win a gold medal: 

Watch on iPlayer here (zip forward to 3 hours 30 into the program to find the start of Men’s Triples Gold medal match, England v Australia)

And if all this inspires you to try out lawn bowls yourself (or as a team building session) why not book a Bowls Bash session? It is an exciting, short form of lawn bowls for new players, that is really easy and fun for all ages and abilities. Find out more about Bowls Bash at Bowls Bash – Bowls England

Find a club and book a Bowls Bash session at www.play-bowls.com

A report on the CIPA webinar – Attracting and retaining staff in a post-pandemic era.  

CIPA recently held a webinar panel discussion about the challenges of attracting and retaining staff in a post pandemic era. This article summarises the points that were discussed and what it might mean for employers and employees looking for different options.

As approaches to our working lives have changed and continue to change, it is timely for the profession to explore current viewpoints, experiences, and opinions about what people are looking for in their working life and what that means for firms looking to attract and keep good people.

The panel on this webinar consisted of a range of experts from different perspectives able to share the feedback and conversations they have had with IP professionals over the past 18 months.

Demand for talent is high

Richard Lucas from Streamline IP who chaired the session provided both statistical and anecdotal evidence that patent and trade mark firms have continued to grow, and that the IP market is buoyant. This means that IP professionals have a lot of choice when it comes to who they work for. This has been exaggerated by firms resisting recruitment, or in some cases making cuts, during the pandemic. Now that the situation is more settled, and firms are recruiting again, this has created an increased demand for talent.

The outcome is that people who may have been stressed and overworked whilst firms were holding back recruitment are now seeing new and potentially more attractive options elsewhere. For firms such as Two IP, this provides an opportunity to offer the work life balance so many high performers in the profession crave.

Connection is key for both retention and development of future talent

Clare Tanner from Gill Jennings & Every was able to share her HR perspective and how recruitment and talent development has changed. She has found that things that were previously taken for granted now need much more attention and thought. Creating opportunities for informal connection and continuous learning being good examples. Specific initiatives have been developed to help people stay connected as working patterns have changed but it is a constant loop of learning and asking for feedback.

Nash Inam who works in-house at Ocado felt that there may be a risk that these informal connection points and learning opportunities will affect trainees more. If senior colleagues choose to spend more time working from home, the more junior team members may miss out on informal learning opportunities. Employers therefore need to plan how they work thoughtfully, which is difficult when everyone has different requirements and desires from their working life.

For experienced attorneys this may offer a frustrating conflict. They would prefer to continue to work from home but the needs of the wider firm, for example to support trainees or building internal relationships, means they are required in the office. Fully remote teams such as Two IP have stripped that away allowing senior level attorneys to build a working pattern that works for them whilst still providing the social connection through the firm’s wider ecosystem.

The candidate driven market is real.

Catherine French from Sacco Mann recruitment confirmed that the market for talent has shifted significantly over the pandemic and has still not settled into a firm position. The wide introduction of hybrid working has brought more movement and change with people reconsidering what is important to them. This movement and revaluation isn’t restricted to particular groups either. Although it is widely understood changes in working patterns generally impacted women more, Catherine has found that new ways of working and making positive changes more permanent is being considered across all demographics.

This approach has also opened up the desire for working from anywhere. The possibilities of attorneys wanting to work from other countries was discussed and Chris Braganza from Sheridans pointed out examples of where this could create complexity and risk for some firms and that this would need to be carefully considered before being offered. For firms like Two IP however, this possibility is baked into the model as we recognise the attraction of that level of flexibility.

Employees want a reason to come into the office.

Clare’s advice for firms moving to a more hybrid model is to ensure that people have a reason to come into the office. Make it an environment that people want to be part of and create specific interventions such as training and social occasions so that people feel part of a wider culture.

People have now experienced both the personal and productivity benefits of working from home, so the office needs to offer something over and above a working space.

Nash has found that in his role, he uses the time in the office to speak to engineers and spend time with them understanding their developments, so he is fully informed on how to support them. For people in private practice, aspects such as training, socials and relationship building are all important reasons to get people together. For some this is an important part of their working life, and they appreciate the opportunity to be involved with the company on a wider level.

For others though, they prefer a working arrangement that allows them to simply focus on their client work and spend the rest of their week pursuing hobbies or spending time with the family.

As with a lot of the discussion on this panel, it will vary between individuals and so people are now able to choose the arrangement and therefore the employer that best fits with their preferences.

Where does Two IP fit in?

Overall, this discussion highlighted the challenges that face firms in providing working models and arrangements that will suit a wide variety of desires and expectations. The new consultancy model that Two IP operates provides an alternative option for attorneys looking to work fully remotely (wherever that might be), with full flexibility and control in their working life. If this is something that appeals to you, then you can find out more about how our model works here

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Strategic ambitions for the IPO published  

Sustainability, efficiency and creating a world-leading IP office all feature in the priorities for the UK  Intellectual Property Office (UK IPO) in its recently published strategic direction.  

The UK IPO plays a critical role at the centre of the IP ecosystem, and they are central to the UK maintaining its position as a world-leading IP environment. 

In order to deliver on this, it has recently published updated information on its refreshed corporate strategy to 2026 and its strategic priorities for 2022-2023. 

The overall strategic ambition for the IPO is still to ensure that it supports and encourages researchers, inventors, creators, businesses, and organisations to pursue innovation.  

The updated strategy discusses how it will deliver on this ambition with three main aims: 

  1. Deliver excellent IP services 
  1. Create a world-leading IP environment 
  1. Make the IPO a brilliant place to work 

These ambitions are underpinned by the IPO’s principles which are to “support our people, focus on customers and strive for efficiency.” 

Within the detail of the priorities are clear areas of focus for the IPO in the short and medium-term.  

Delivering on the ongoing transformation programme will see the IPO build a more user-friendly and digital service supporting the delivery of its customer service standards 

The IP environment in the UK will continue to be modernised to keep up with society and digital changes whilst increasing the level of awareness and education about IP and its potential for impact. The approach described in the Counter-Infringement Strategy will be further embedded as well as the development of an intelligence centre of excellence.  

The UK’s position both with the EU and internationally will continue to be strengthened via free trade agreements and the promotion of the international IP business support service.   

Within the IPO itself, the focus will be on sustainability namely the development of a carbon net-zero strategy and how, as a workplace, the IPO can support its people to thrive both now and in the future.  

In summary, these updated priorities help to provide a direction of travel for the IPO and how it is supporting the wider industry to continue to invest and benefit from innovation and new technological developments.